Vocabulary list
1. cooperative
2. Entrepreneur
3. devaluation
4. eicence
5. emerge
6. wages
7. encourage
8. remarkable
9. currently
10. asset
11. challenge
12. sociable environment
13. peer
14. initially
15. contribution
16. to reach a goal
17. exceed a target
18. to impose
19. reward
20. public plaise
21. senior role
22. pay bonus
23. feedback
24. to define
25. achieve
26. relevant
27. salary
28. fair
29. appraise
30. dismiss
31. promote
32. assist
33. adventure
34. profit
35. value
36. wealth
37. flexible
I. Find the equivalents (in the box) to the words given below:
Initially, to define, remove, benefit, dismiss, assist, profit, to value, advantage, encourage, to achieve, exceptional, remarkable wages, originally, at the beginning state clearly, outline to have a high, to staminate opinion
at first –
explain –
reject –
help –
gain –
estimate –
encourage –
give support –
accomplish –
10) unusual –
11) payment –
II. Translate the sentences, use the active vocabulary and grammar of the unit:
1. При исследовании самых богатых людей в возрасте до 40 было выяснено, что 5 из 10 происходят из России.
2. Реальные зарплаты упали, что способствовала росту опалых предприятиях.
3. Импортные товары стали слишком дорогими для среднего Россиянина, поэтому внутреннее производство выросло.
4. В 90-е годы миллион молодых россиян уехали за границу в поисках новых возможностей.
5. Мотивированная (трудовые ресурсы) рабочая сила – ценные достижение для бизнеса, которое может во многом способствовать конкурентоспособности.
6. Чтобы быть эффективными, цели должны быть четко определены, достижимы, но не слишком просты.
7. В целом, работники должны верить, что заработные платы, выплачиваемые или справедливы.
8. Я хочу сделать карьеру, поэтому мне нужна работа с возможностью продвижения.
9. Иногда мне не хватает уверенности, поэтому любой совет моих коллег очень ценен для меня.
10. Оливки собирают в конце осени и затем подвергают их отжиму, перед этим промывая их и очищая от листьев.
III. a Read the questions and check the meaning of the words in bold.
Are there many unemployed people in your country?
Would you like to be self-employed? What are the advantages/disadvantages?
What qualifications do you have for your job/future job? How experienced are you?
When you apply for a job, do you normally send a CV? Do you need to include references?
How do you hear about job vacancies in your (future) profession?
Do you do a 9-5 job? Would you like to work flextime?
Do you work long hours? How often do you work overtime?
What are the perks of your job/being a student?
Is your work of subject rewarding? What do you like about it?
What are the biggest challenges in your job/studies?
How often do you expect to get a pay rise in your job/future job? Is it easy to get promoted?
Would you like to work on commission? Why/why not?
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
IV. SPEAKING
1 a Read the quotes. Write A (agree), D (disagree), of M (maybe).
‘ People who work sitting down get paid more then people who work standing up.’ (Orgen Nash)
‘ The longer the title, the less important the job.’ (George McGovern)
‘ Most workplaces have too many rules. Employees aren’t children, and the office isn’t a junior school.’ (Araba Green)
‘ Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.’ (Paul shorter)
b Compare your ideas with other students.
V. READING
1. Text one. Read the text.
Which workers normally do these things?
Write answers, then compare with a partner.
Type letters – secretaries
3 a Read the introduction to the text. Who is Ricardo Semler? What problem did he have?
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father’s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Knowing his son was still young, Semler senior told him, ‘Better make your mistakes while I’m still alive.’ Semler junior worked like a madman, from 7.30 a.m. until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, ‘There’s nothing wrong with you. Yet. But if you continue like this, you’ll find a new home in our hospital.’ Semler got the message, He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too. |
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b What changes do you think Semler made? Discuss with other students and write a list. Read the rest of the text to find out.
‘Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.’
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. ‘Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.’
He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can’t shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.
Semler says, ‘We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspapaer hour after hour. He doesn’t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action. He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That’s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn’t look busy the rest of the time.’
Semco has flexible working hours; the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers: in the last six years, Semco’s revenues have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000. Why?
Semler says it’s because of ‘peer pressure’. Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. If someone isn’t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expect them to act like adults. And they do.
Text 2
Chanel No.5
Vocabulary
The flow chart below shows the process used to extract scent from flowers. This is used to make Chanel No.5.
Study the flow chart and then complete the description with the verbs in the box in the passive form.
Chanel No. 5 is the world’s best’selling perfume. Its main ingredients are roses, jasmine and musk. On the Chanel farm, the flowers 1 are picked and the petals 2 …… into sacks. Then, within half an hour, they 3 …… to the production plant. At the plant, the petals 4 …… and then they 5 …… into 50 kg vats. Next, an extraction solvent 6 …… . The petals 7 …… three times in this solution so that the natural oils and resins come out.
Eventually, the flowers 8 …… from the vats and the remaining solvent 9 …… . This leaves a solid material known as the ‘concrete’, which can be stored for several years until the perfume 10 …… .
add evaporate load pick put remove require transport wash weigh
VI. Grammar exercises
Word building
1. Add some examples of prefixes to the table below.
PREFIX | MEANING | EXAMPLE | YOUR EXAMPLES |
over- | too much | overcook |
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under- | not enough/below | underdeveloped |
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dis- | not/separate | dishonest |
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in-/im- | not | inhuman |
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2. Complete the text using prefixes.
Life CHANGE
Many people dislike their job. Maybe hey are (1) ______ worked or (2) ______ paid. Maybe they feel (3) ______ valued in the company or they (4) ______ agree with the company’s methods. If you are one of these people, why not change things? LifeCHANGE workshops show you how to be (5) _____ dependent. You will see (6) _____ credible differences in your life as your problems (7) _____ appear. Change is never (8) _____ possible, but you have to make the first move.
Call us on 0879 997 5543 for an (9) _____ formal chat.
3. Add some examples of suffixes to the table below.
SUFFIX | EXAMPLE | RULES | YOUR EXAMPLES |
-tion/-ation | Creation, civilization | If the verb ends in –e, cut the –e. If the verb ends in –se, the suffix is usually –isation. |
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-ence/-ance | Intelligence, ignorance | There are no clear rules about which words end in –ence of –ance. You have to learn them! |
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-ment | Movement | Add –ment to the verb. |
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-ness | darkness | If the word ends in –y, change the –y to –i. happy - happiness |
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Work adjectives
Each speaker is describing a job. Match the adjective to the description. There is one extra adjective.
glamorous exciting rewarding challenging flexible stressful repetitive
1
2.
3 .
4.
5 .
6.
Prepositions
4. Underline the correct preposition in these adverts.
We are looking 1 on/for/to an experienced individual who is able to work alone. You will be responsible 2 for/in/of the running of our new Madrid office whilst reporting 3 for/to/on a manager in south-east of England.
Fluency 4 in/for/on Spanish is essential and a good knowledge 5 of/in/with Portuguese is preferred for dealing with our Latin American clients, as well as the ability to communicate with people from all cultural backgrounds.
Salary will depend 6 on/of/in experience.
The post comes with excellent long-term prospects 7 of/to/for a candidate with a proven track record, preferably with experience 8 in/for/on planning budgets.
Present perfect simple and continuous
- Wordlist
- Kitchen Utensils & Recipes
- Match the pairs, then make up sentences.
- Match the opposites, then name foods or drinks which can go with each.
- Put each verb in brackets either in the Present Simple or the Present Continuous.
- Unit 2 Word list
- To set up a company
- Supply the missing questions.
- 4. Answer these general knowledge questions about work.
- 5. Think about your own job. Can you explain your responsibilities and daily duties in English?
- Match 1-5 with the specific job descriptions a-e
- 2. When you look up a word, you can also use your dictionary to increase your vocabulary by learning related words and phrases. Find out if your dictionary helps you to answer these questions.
- 3. In the word “island”, the letter “s” is silent. Use your dictionary to find the silent letters in these words.
- Decide if the speaker is using British English or American English, and cross out the incorrect answer.
- Formal English
- Informal English
- Rewrite the sentences in more informal English.
- Rewrite the letter in more formal English.
- Use your dictionary to find out if these underlined words are either formal or informal.
- With the meaning “not”
- Verb prefixes: un- and dis-
- Other verb prefixes
- Agree with these statements.
- Complete the verbs in these sentences.
- Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
- Complete the sentences with a negative adjective.
- Include information about the following:
- Organize these words into pairs of opposites and put them in the columns below.
- What prefix forms the opposite of each of these words?
- How would you describe the person in each of these descriptions?
- What nouns can be formed from these adjectives?
- Match the adjectives in the box to the sentences.
- Make nouns from the adjectives in the previous exercise.
- Complete the sentences with the adjectives from the box.
- Answer these questions.
- Answer the questions using –ed or –ing adjectives.
- Match these –ing adjectives with the nouns.
- Answer the following questions:
- It is a good idea to ask questions about the words you learn. Discuss the answers.
- Identify the nationalities and languages of the residents of the following capitals.
- 1. Put one suitable word in each space.
- 2. Put one suitable word in each space, beginning with the letter given.
- Vocabulary exercises
- 3. At the airport
- 1. Complete the text with the words from the box.
- Can you write down a vegetable and fruit:
- Which is the odd one out in each group and why?
- Complete these sentences about yourself and your country.
- Read the first two paragraphs of the article. Answer the questions.
- Read the rest of the article and make lists of the following things.
- Discuss these questions :
- Which o the four endings are not correct?
- Think of two more ways you can finish each sentence starter in exercise a.
- Put the sports into groups according to what you think they have in common.
- Here are some people talking about their hobbies. Can you guess what the hobby is in each case?
- Complete these sentences with a suitable verb.
- Answer these questions.
- Complete each sentence with a word from the box.
- Put each verb in the brackets into a suitable passive form.
- Radisson sas Portman Hotel, London
- Langley Castle Hotel, Northumberland
- The Metropole Hotel, Cornwall
- Old Oxenhope Hall Cottage, West Yorkshire
- 4) Read the article again, chose one hotel and make notes under the headings below. Then, use your notes to talk about it.
- 5) Make notes under the same headings for a place you have stayed on holiday. Then use your notes to write a short article about it. Use the given article as a model.
- Wimbledon
- The Super Bowl
- To benefit from
- You have an important form to fill in and you know it’ll take at least two hours to do it properly. It’s Tuesday today and you have to hand it in by nine o’clock on Friday morning at the latest.
- 2. You bump into a friend you haven’t seen for ages in the street – she suggests a night out together next week.
- 5. You’ve been given an important message for a friend.
- 6. You’re due to be at a meeting in another town at three o’clock. You know it’ll take you at least thirty minutes to get there.
- 7. You’re about to go on holiday. It’s eight o’clock the evening before. Your friend is picking you up to take you to the airport at eight-thirty tomorrow morning.
- Conclusions to the quiz
- Getting a job
- Moving up
- Leaving the company
- Hard times
- Happier times
- Write a synonym for each of these words/ phrases.
- Complete these sentences with a suitable word or phrase.
- Complete this word-building table.
- Have you got a job in a company? If so, answer these questions as quickly as you can.
- Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets (to –infinitive or –ing form), as in the examples.
- Write the correct form of the verb in brackets.
- Match the phrases in Column a to those in Column b to make complete sentences.
- Use the phrases to make up sentences about yourself.
- Talk about the article from memory using these prompts:
- III. Find the equivalents (in the box) to the words, given below:
- 1) Modals to express obligations
- 2) Modals to express permission
- In the following dialogue, which person do you agree with?
- Vocabulary list
- I. Find the equivalents (in the box) to the words given below:
- Vocabulary money
- Vocabulary
- 1A Complete the statements with the words in the box
- 1B Work with a partner to discuss the statements.
- 2 Match the people in the box with their job role.
- 3 Work with a partner to discuss the following.
- Freecycle
- 1. Meaning
- 1. Work is pairs. If you are working, discuss whether you think networking meetings would be good for your company. If you are studying, discuss whether you think networking could help you find a job.
- 2. Read the role card and prepare what you are going to say.
- Vocabulary list
- Vocabulary
- 1 Number of emails
- 2 Technology
- 3 Stress
- 2. Work with a partner. Write two possible recommendations for the end of the report. If you need help, look at the list below.
- Vocabulary list
- 5. Underline the correct form of the verb.
- 6. Underline the correct phrase.
- 7. Write the verbs in this conversation in the present perfect continuous.
- 8. Complete each sentence with since or for.
- 9. Look at these mini-dialogues. Write full questions using the present perfect simple of continuous form.
- 2 Read the leaflet again and decide if these statements are true or false.
- 3 Match a word from each column to make noun combinations about work and interviews.
- 4 Complete sentences 1-8 with noun combinations from Exercise 3.
- 5. Do these jobs exist in your country? Can you translate them into your language?
- IV. Reading