Vocabulary list

1. cooperative

2. Entrepreneur

3. devaluation

4. eicence

5. emerge

6. wages

7. encourage

8. remarkable

9. currently

10. asset

11. challenge

12. sociable environment

13. peer

14. initially

15. contribution

16. to reach a goal

17. exceed a target

18. to impose

19. reward

20. public plaise

21. senior role

22. pay bonus

23. feedback

24. to define

25. achieve

26. relevant

27. salary

28. fair

29. appraise

30. dismiss

31. promote

32. assist

33. adventure

34. profit

35. value

36. wealth

37. flexible

I. Find the equivalents (in the box) to the words given below:

Initially, to define, remove, benefit, dismiss, assist, profit, to value, advantage, encourage, to achieve, exceptional, remarkable wages, originally, at the beginning state clearly, outline to have a high, to staminate opinion

1. at first –

2. explain –

3. reject –

4. help –

5. gain –

6. estimate –

7. encourage –

8. give support –

9. accomplish –

10) unusual –

11) payment –

II. Translate the sentences, use the active vocabulary and grammar of the unit:

1. При исследовании самых богатых людей в возрасте до 40 было выяснено, что 5 из 10 происходят из России.

2. Реальные зарплаты упали, что способствовала росту опалых предприятиях.

3. Импортные товары стали слишком дорогими для среднего Россиянина, поэтому внутреннее производство выросло.

4. В 90-е годы миллион молодых россиян уехали за границу в поисках новых возможностей.

5. Мотивированная (трудовые ресурсы) рабочая сила – ценные достижение для бизнеса, которое может во многом способствовать конкурентоспособности.

6. Чтобы быть эффективными, цели должны быть четко определены, достижимы, но не слишком просты.

7. В целом, работники должны верить, что заработные платы, выплачиваемые или справедливы.

8. Я хочу сделать карьеру, поэтому мне нужна работа с возможностью продвижения.

9. Иногда мне не хватает уверенности, поэтому любой совет моих коллег очень ценен для меня.

10. Оливки собирают в конце осени и затем подвергают их отжиму, перед этим промывая их и очищая от листьев.

III. a Read the questions and check the meaning of the words in bold.

1. Are there many unemployed people in your country?

2. Would you like to be self-employed? What are the advantages/disadvantages?

3. What qualifications do you have for your job/future job? How experienced are you?

4. When you apply for a job, do you normally send a CV? Do you need to include references?

5. How do you hear about job vacancies in your (future) profession?

6. Do you do a 9-5 job? Would you like to work flextime?

7. Do you work long hours? How often do you work overtime?

8. What are the perks of your job/being a student?

9. Is your work of subject rewarding? What do you like about it?

10. What are the biggest challenges in your job/studies?

11. How often do you expect to get a pay rise in your job/future job? Is it easy to get promoted?

12. Would you like to work on commission? Why/why not?

b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

IV. SPEAKING

1 a Read the quotes. Write A (agree), D (disagree), of M (maybe).

‘ People who work sitting down get paid more then people who work standing up.’ (Orgen Nash)

‘ The longer the title, the less important the job.’ (George McGovern)

‘ Most workplaces have too many rules. Employees aren’t children, and the office isn’t a junior school.’ (Araba Green)

‘ Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.’ (Paul shorter)

b Compare your ideas with other students.

V. READING

1. Text one. Read the text.

Which workers normally do these things?

Write answers, then compare with a partner.

Type letters – secretaries

3 a Read the introduction to the text. Who is Ricardo Semler? What problem did he have?

b What changes do you think Semler made? Discuss with other students and write a list. Read the rest of the text to find out.

‘Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.’

He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality to the company. ‘Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.’

He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can’t shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.

Semler says, ‘We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspapaer hour after hour. He doesn’t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action. He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. That’s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn’t look busy the rest of the time.’

Semco has flexible working hours; the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. Also, Semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers: in the last six years, Semco’s revenues have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000. Why?

Semler says it’s because of ‘peer pressure’. Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. If someone isn’t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expect them to act like adults. And they do.

Text 2

Chanel No.5

Vocabulary

The flow chart below shows the process used to extract scent from flowers. This is used to make Chanel No.5.

Study the flow chart and then complete the description with the verbs in the box in the passive form.

Chanel No. 5 is the world’s best’selling perfume. Its main ingredients are roses, jasmine and musk. On the Chanel farm, the flowers 1 are picked and the petals 2 …… into sacks. Then, within half an hour, they 3 …… to the production plant. At the plant, the petals 4 …… and then they 5 …… into 50 kg vats. Next, an extraction solvent 6 …… . The petals 7 …… three times in this solution so that the natural oils and resins come out.

Eventually, the flowers 8 …… from the vats and the remaining solvent 9 …… . This leaves a solid material known as the ‘concrete’, which can be stored for several years until the perfume 10 …… .

add evaporate load pick put remove require transport wash weigh

VI. Grammar exercises

Word building

1. Add some examples of prefixes to the table below.

2. Complete the text using prefixes.

Life CHANGE

Many people dislike their job. Maybe hey are (1) ______ worked or (2) ______ paid. Maybe they feel (3) ______ valued in the company or they (4) ______ agree with the company’s methods. If you are one of these people, why not change things? LifeCHANGE workshops show you how to be (5) _____ dependent. You will see (6) _____ credible differences in your life as your problems (7) _____ appear. Change is never (8) _____ possible, but you have to make the first move.

Call us on 0879 997 5543 for an (9) _____ formal chat.

3. Add some examples of suffixes to the table below.

Work adjectives

1. Each speaker is describing a job. Match the adjective to the description. There is one extra adjective.

glamorous exciting rewarding challenging flexible stressful repetitive

1.

2.

3 .

4.

5 .

6.

Prepositions

4. Underline the correct preposition in these adverts.

We are looking 1 on/for/to an experienced individual who is able to work alone. You will be responsible 2 for/in/of the running of our new Madrid office whilst reporting 3 for/to/on a manager in south-east of England.

Fluency 4 in/for/on Spanish is essential and a good knowledge 5 of/in/with Portuguese is preferred for dealing with our Latin American clients, as well as the ability to communicate with people from all cultural backgrounds.

Salary will depend 6 on/of/in experience.

The post comes with excellent long-term prospects 7 of/to/for a candidate with a proven track record, preferably with experience 8 in/for/on planning budgets.

Present perfect simple and continuous