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182-методичка-асп

Неличные формы глагола

1.Gerund – сочетает свойства глагола и существительного: V+ing

Герундий непереходных глаголов

Active

Non-perfect

V+ing: going

Perfect

having+3фV: having gone

Герундий переходных глаголов

Active

Passive

Non-perfect

V+ing: writing

being+3фV: being written

Perfect

having+3фV: having written

having been+3фV: having been written

1.Participle I: -ing-формы – причастие настоящего времени

Active

Passive

одновременность

V+ing

V+being+3фV

the scientists discussing the problem

the problem being discussed

предшествование

having+3фV

having been+3фV

the scientist having investigated the problem

the problem having been investigated

2.Participle II: -ed-формы (3фV - для неправильных V) – причастие прошедшего времени

Active

Passive

одновременность

X

X

предшествование

X

+ed / 3фV (неправильные V)

the problem investigated /

the article written

3.Инфинитив: to-формы – неопределенная форма глагола

Active

Passive

одновременность

-to+V

-to be+V+ing

to be+3фV

-I have an article to translate

-He is known to be working at the problem

The work seems to be done

предшествование

-to have been+V+ing

-to have been+3фV

to have been+3фV

-He appears to have been working at the problem for many years

-He seems to have been experienced in this field

The theme is known to have been worked out

Глаголы, наиболее употребляемые в инфинитивных конструкциях

Passive

-S/he, it is

-They are

known

expected

said

reported

assumed

stated

to

известно

ожидают

говорят

сообщают

полагают

утверждают

что…

Active

S/he, it

happens

seems

appears

proved

to

случается

кажется

оказалось

по-видимому

что…